Search results for "kvantitatiivinen genetiikka"
showing 5 items of 5 documents
Cost of reproduction in a seed beetle : a quantitative genetic perspective
2006
Lisääntymisestä on kustannuksia, jotka ilmenevät lyhentyneenä elinikänä. Elinikä ja lisääntymisestä aiheutuvat kustannukset ovat geenien määräämiä.- Väitöskirjatyössäni tutkin lisääntymisen kustannuksia koirailla. Tutkimuskohteena käytin Callosobruchus maculatus - jyväkuoriaisia, jotka ovat trooppisia papujen tuholaisia. Kyseinen laji on paljon käytetty evoluutioekologian alan mallilaji. Naarailla on tehty runsaasti lisääntymisen kustannustutkimuksia, mutta koirailla vain muutamia tutkimuksia. Perinteisesti on ajateltu, että koiras panostaa lisääntymiseen lähinnä parittelemalla ja luovuttamalla sukusoluissaan geenejään jälkeläisilleen, Satu Paukku kertoo.Tutkimuksissa ilmeni, että koiraille…
Physical Activity and Academic Performance : Genetic and Environmental Associations
2020
Introduction. Physical activity and academic performance are believed to be associated. Though both traits are partially heritable, it remains unclear whether these traits also share a genetic and/or environmental background in common. We aimed to examine to what extent leisure-time physical activity and academic performance share genetic and environmental effects from early adolescence to young adulthood. Methods. Participants were Finnish twins (2543–2693 individuals/study wave) who reported their leisure-time physical activity at ages 12, 14, 17 and 24. Academic performance was assessed with teacher-reported grade point averages at ages 12 and 14 and by self-reported educational levels a…
Spatial variation in the evolutionary potential and constraints of basal metabolic rate and body mass in a wild bird
2023
An organism's energy budget is strongly related to resource consumption, performance, and fitness. Hence, understanding the evolution of key energetic traits, such as basal metabolic rate (BMR), in natural populations is central for understanding life-history evolution and ecological processes. Here we used quantitative genetic analyses to study evolutionary potential of BMR in two insular populations of the house sparrow (Passer domesticus). We obtained measurements of BMR and body mass (Mb) from 911 house sparrows on the islands of Leka and Vega along the coast of Norway. These two populations were the source populations for translocations to create an additional third, admixed ‘common ga…
Evolutionary trade-offs in a small mammal : a quantitative genetics approach
2017
Limited resources force individuals to trade-off between life-history traits. A vast diversity of life-history strategies, which optimally combine life history traits, can be found. Knowledge of the genetic basis of this phenotypic variation is key to understanding evolutionary processes. I approached life-history evolution by estimating quantitative genetic parameters for a set of life-history traits in the bank vole (Myodes glareolus). The work is based on a laboratory-kept colony subjected to two-way selection for litter size (High- (H) and Low- (L) lines). Costs of the created reproductive strategies were observed in natural conditions. Selection increased the difference in litter size …
Leisure-time physical activity and DNA methylation age : a twin study
2019
Background: Epigenetic clocks may increase our understanding on human aging and how genetic and environmental factors regulate an individual aging process. One of the most promising clocks is Horvath’s DNA methylation (DNAm) age. Age acceleration, i.e., discrepancy between DNAm age and chronological age, tells us whether the person is biologically young or old compared to his/her chronological age. Several environmental and lifestyle factors have been shown to affect life span. We investigated genetic and environmental predictors of DNAm age in young and older monozygotic (MZ) and dizygotic (DZ) twins with a focus on leisure time physical activity. Results: Quantitative genetic modeling rev…